THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING AUDIO VISUAL LEARNING MEDIA ON SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY LEARNING FOR PHYSICAL EDUCATION STUDENTS
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of audio-visual learning media in improving students' understanding of sports physiology in Physical Education programs. The research employed a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach, involving 35 students who were taught using audio-visual learning media. Data were collected through pretest and posttest assessments, as well as student response questionnaires. The results showed a significant increase in students’ scores, with the average score rising from 60.86 in the pretest to 76.29 in the posttest, indicating an improvement of 15.43 points or approximately 25.4%. Additionally, questionnaire results revealed that most students responded positively to the use of audio-visual media, stating that it made the learning process more engaging, interactive, and easier to understand. This suggests that audio-visual learning media is effective in enhancing learning outcomes and student motivation in sports physiology courses. Although this study has limitations due to the absence of a control group, it provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of integrating technology-based media in physical education curricula.
Keywords:
audio-visual media, sports physiology, physical education, multimedia learning
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References
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Liu, R., Menhas, R., Dai, J., Saqib, Z. A., & Peng, X. (2022). Fitness Apps, Live Streaming Workout Classes, and Virtual Reality Fitness for Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Lockdown: An Empirical Study. In Frontiers in Public Health (Vol. 10). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.852311
Martín-Rodríguez, A., Gostian-Ropotin, L. A., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Belando-Pedreño, N., Simón, J. A., López-Mora, C., Navarro-Jiménez, E., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2024). Sporting Mind: The Interplay of Physical Activity and Psychological Health. In Sports (Vol. 12, Issue 1). mdpi.com. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12010037
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Oberste, M., Medele, M., Javelle, F., Lioba Wunram, H., Walter, D., Bloch, W., Bender, S., Fricke, O., Joisten, N., Walzik, D., Großheinrich, N., & Zimmer, P. (2020). Physical Activity for the Treatment of Adolescent Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. In Frontiers in Physiology (Vol. 11). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00185
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Siedentop, D. (2016). Introduction to Physical Education, Fitness, and Sport. McGraw-Hill Education. books.google.com.
Soares, A. A. L., Lima, A. B., Miguel, C. G., Galvão, L. G., Leonardi, T. J., Paes, R. R., Gonçalves, C. E., & Carvalho, H. M. (2023). Does early specialization provide an advantage in physical fitness development in youth basketball? In Frontiers in Sports and Active Living (Vol. 4). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2022.1042494
Spittle, M. (2013). Motor learning and skill acquisition: applications for physical education and sport. In Palgrave Macmillan. books.google.com.
Suherman, W. S., Nugroho, S., Setyawan, H., Pambudi, D. K., Eken, Ö., Pranoto, N. W., Darmawan, A., Aziz, A., & Shidiq, P. (2024). Achievement of Physical Education Learning Results Based on Gender Review and Learning Motivation on High School Students in the Yogyakarta Region , Indonesia Logro de resultados en el aprendizaje de la educación física en función del género y la motivaci. Retos, 2041, 1045–1052.
Tao, D., Gao, Y., Cole, A., Baker, J. S., Gu, Y., Supriya, R., Tong, T. K., Hu, Q., & Awan-Scully, R. (2022). The Physiological and Psychological Benefits of Dance and its Effects on Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. In Frontiers in Physiology (Vol. 13). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.925958
Tsai, T. H., Chang, Y. S., Chang, H. T., & Lin, Y. W. (2021). Running on a social exercise platform: Applying self-determination theory to increase motivation to participate in a sporting event. Computers in Human Behavior, 114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106523
Umar, Ockta, Y., & Mardesia, P. (2023). A Correlational Study: Pedagogical and professional competence of physical education teachers in relation to the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum. In Journal of Physical Education and Sport (Vol. 23, Issue 12, pp. 3325–3331). mail.efsupit.ro. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2023.12380
Wang, T., & Park, J. (2021). Design and Implementation of Intelligent Sports Training System for College Students’ Mental Health Education. In Frontiers in Psychology (Vol. 12). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.634978
Wilhite, K., Booker, B., Huang, B. H., Antczak, D., Corbett, L., Parker, P., Noetel, M., Rissel, C., Lonsdale, C., Del Pozo Cruz, B., & Sanders, T. (2023). Combinations of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep Duration and Their Associations With Physical, Psychological, and Educational Outcomes in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Epidemiology, 192(4), 665–679. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwac212
Xiao, W., Soh, K. G., Wazir, M. R. W. N., Talib, O., Bai, X., Bu, T., Sun, H., Popovic, S., Masanovic, B., & Gardasevic, J. (2021). Effect of Functional Training on Physical Fitness Among Athletes: A Systematic Review. In Frontiers in Physiology (Vol. 12). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.738878
Astuti, Y., Erianti, E., Amsari, D., & Sari, D. N. (2023). The Effect of Sports Modifications and Mini Games to improve students’ physical fitness in the Adaptive Physical Education Course. Retos, 51, 519–525. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.99975
Bird, S. R. (2018). Research Methods in Physical Activity and Health. In Research Methods in Physical Activity and Health. books.google.com. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315158501
D’Agostino, E. M., Urtel, M., Webster, C. A., McMullen, J., & Culp, B. (2021). Virtual Physical Education During COVID-19: Exploring Future Directions for Equitable Online Learning Tools. In Frontiers in Sports and Active Living (Vol. 3). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.716566
Daud, A., Aulia, A. F., & Ramayanti, N. (2019). Integrasi teknologi dalam pembelajaran: Upaya untuk beradaptasi dengan tantangan era digital dan revolusi industri 4.0. Unri Conference Series: Community Engagement, 1(May), 449–455. https://doi.org/10.31258/unricsce.1.449-455
Felici, F., & Del Vecchio, A. (2020). Surface Electromyography: What Limits Its Use in Exercise and Sport Physiology? Frontiers in Neurology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.578504
Griban, G., Kobernyk, O., Petrachkov, O., Dmytrenko, S., Khurtenko, O., Kostiuk, Y., Nazarenko, L., Kostenko, M., Khotentseva, O., Korol, S., Shpychka, T., Stepaniuk, V., Savchenko, L., & Bloshchynskyi, I. (2020). Physical Fitness Level of Students of Higher Educational Institutions from a Historical Perspective. In International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology (Vol. 9, Issue 9, pp. 162–171). eprints.zu.edu.ua.
Hasibuan, S., Kasih, I., Sinulingga, A., & Marpaung, D. R. (2022). Android-Based Learning in Sports Physiology. In Journal of Positive School Psychology (Vol. 6, Issue 5, pp. 149–163).
Hinkley, T., Timperio, A., Watson, A., Duckham, R. L., Okely, A. D., Cliff, D., Carver, A., & Hesketh, K. D. (2020). Prospective associations with physiological, psychosocial and educational outcomes of meeting Australian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years. In International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (Vol. 17, Issue 1). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-00935-6
Hudimova, A., Popovych, I., Savchuk, O., Lіashko, V., Pyslar, A., & Hrys, A. (2021). Research on the relationship between excessive use of social media and young athletes’ physical activity. In Journal of Physical Education and Sport (Vol. 21, Issue 6, pp. 3364–3373). researchgate.net. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.06456
III, H. W. K., Murray, T. D., & Salvo, D. (2021). Foundations of Physical Activity and Public Health, 2nd Edition. In Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (Vol. 53, Issue 5). books.google.com. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000741588.59204.94
Karpov, V. Y., Zavalishina, S. Y., Dorontsev, A. V., Svetlichkina, A. A., Kozjakov, R. V., & Yanpolsky, E. A. (2021). Physiological response of the physical capabilities of adolescents with sensorineural hearing loss to regular adaptive handball. In Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal (Vol. 14, Issue 1, pp. 99–103). biomedpharmajournal.org. https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2103
Ketelhut, S., Martin-Niedecken, A. L., Zimmermann, P., & Nigg, C. R. (2021). Physical Activity and Health Promotion in Esports and Gaming–Discussing Unique Opportunities for an Unprecedented Cultural Phenomenon. In Frontiers in Sports and Active Living (Vol. 3). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.693700
Klochko, O. V., & Fedorets, V. M. (2022). Using immersive reality technologies to increase a physical education teacher’s health-preserving competency. Educational Technology Quarterly, 2022(4), 276–306. https://doi.org/10.55056/etq.431
Li, Z., & Wang, H. (2021). The effectiveness of physical education teaching in college based on Artificial intelligence methods. Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems, 40(2), 3301–3311. https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-189370
Liu, R., Menhas, R., Dai, J., Saqib, Z. A., & Peng, X. (2022). Fitness Apps, Live Streaming Workout Classes, and Virtual Reality Fitness for Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Lockdown: An Empirical Study. In Frontiers in Public Health (Vol. 10). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.852311
Martín-Rodríguez, A., Gostian-Ropotin, L. A., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Belando-Pedreño, N., Simón, J. A., López-Mora, C., Navarro-Jiménez, E., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2024). Sporting Mind: The Interplay of Physical Activity and Psychological Health. In Sports (Vol. 12, Issue 1). mdpi.com. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12010037
Nagoyitsyn, R. S., Vaganova, O., Kutepov, M. M., Martyanova, L. N., Kosenovich, O., Moeseev, Y., Vorotova, M. S., & Osipov, A. Y. (2020). Interactive Technologies in Developing Student’s Motivation in Physical Education and Sport. International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology, 9(6), 78–85.
Oberste, M., Medele, M., Javelle, F., Lioba Wunram, H., Walter, D., Bloch, W., Bender, S., Fricke, O., Joisten, N., Walzik, D., Großheinrich, N., & Zimmer, P. (2020). Physical Activity for the Treatment of Adolescent Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. In Frontiers in Physiology (Vol. 11). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00185
Shi, Y., & Zhao, Z. (2022). Computer-aided software development and application in physical education in colleges and universities. In Computer-Aided Design and Applications (Vol. 19, Issue S1, pp. 59–69). cad-journal.net. https://doi.org/10.14733/CADAPS.2022.S1.59-69
Siedentop, D. (2016). Introduction to Physical Education, Fitness, and Sport. McGraw-Hill Education. books.google.com.
Soares, A. A. L., Lima, A. B., Miguel, C. G., Galvão, L. G., Leonardi, T. J., Paes, R. R., Gonçalves, C. E., & Carvalho, H. M. (2023). Does early specialization provide an advantage in physical fitness development in youth basketball? In Frontiers in Sports and Active Living (Vol. 4). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2022.1042494
Spittle, M. (2013). Motor learning and skill acquisition: applications for physical education and sport. In Palgrave Macmillan. books.google.com.
Suherman, W. S., Nugroho, S., Setyawan, H., Pambudi, D. K., Eken, Ö., Pranoto, N. W., Darmawan, A., Aziz, A., & Shidiq, P. (2024). Achievement of Physical Education Learning Results Based on Gender Review and Learning Motivation on High School Students in the Yogyakarta Region , Indonesia Logro de resultados en el aprendizaje de la educación física en función del género y la motivaci. Retos, 2041, 1045–1052.
Tao, D., Gao, Y., Cole, A., Baker, J. S., Gu, Y., Supriya, R., Tong, T. K., Hu, Q., & Awan-Scully, R. (2022). The Physiological and Psychological Benefits of Dance and its Effects on Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. In Frontiers in Physiology (Vol. 13). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.925958
Tsai, T. H., Chang, Y. S., Chang, H. T., & Lin, Y. W. (2021). Running on a social exercise platform: Applying self-determination theory to increase motivation to participate in a sporting event. Computers in Human Behavior, 114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106523
Umar, Ockta, Y., & Mardesia, P. (2023). A Correlational Study: Pedagogical and professional competence of physical education teachers in relation to the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum. In Journal of Physical Education and Sport (Vol. 23, Issue 12, pp. 3325–3331). mail.efsupit.ro. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2023.12380
Wang, T., & Park, J. (2021). Design and Implementation of Intelligent Sports Training System for College Students’ Mental Health Education. In Frontiers in Psychology (Vol. 12). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.634978
Wilhite, K., Booker, B., Huang, B. H., Antczak, D., Corbett, L., Parker, P., Noetel, M., Rissel, C., Lonsdale, C., Del Pozo Cruz, B., & Sanders, T. (2023). Combinations of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep Duration and Their Associations With Physical, Psychological, and Educational Outcomes in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Epidemiology, 192(4), 665–679. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwac212
Xiao, W., Soh, K. G., Wazir, M. R. W. N., Talib, O., Bai, X., Bu, T., Sun, H., Popovic, S., Masanovic, B., & Gardasevic, J. (2021). Effect of Functional Training on Physical Fitness Among Athletes: A Systematic Review. In Frontiers in Physiology (Vol. 12). frontiersin.org. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.738878
Published
2025-07-31
How to Cite
Purbangkara, T., Hukubun, M. D., Tomasoa, Y., Siswanto, & Ryanto, A. K. Y. (2025). THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING AUDIO VISUAL LEARNING MEDIA ON SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY LEARNING FOR PHYSICAL EDUCATION STUDENTS. JUARA : Jurnal Olahraga, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.33222/juara.v10i2.4929
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